15-U.S.C.-2622
§2622 – Employee Protection
Pathway
Title 15 > Chapter 53 > Subchapter I > Section 2622
Details
- Reference: Section 2622
- Legend: §2622 – Employee Protection
- USCode Year: 2013
Provision Content
(a) In general
No employer may discharge any employee or otherwise discriminate against any employee with respect to the employees compensation, terms, conditions, or privileges of employment because the employee (or any person acting pursuant to a request of the employee) has—
(1) commenced, caused to be commenced, or is about to commence or cause to be commenced a proceeding under this chapter;
(2) testified or is about to testify in any such proceeding; or
(3) assisted or participated or is about to assist or participate in any manner in such a proceeding or in any other action to carry out the purposes of this chapter.
(b) Remedy
(1) Any employee who believes that the employee has been discharged or otherwise discriminated against by any person in violation of subsection (a) of this section may, within 30 days after such alleged violation occurs, file (or have any person file on the employees behalf) a complaint with the Secretary of Labor (hereinafter in this section referred to as the Secretary) alleging such discharge or discrimination. Upon receipt of such a complaint, the Secretary shall notify the person named in the complaint of the filing of the complaint.
(2)(A) Upon receipt of a complaint filed under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall conduct an investigation of the violation alleged in the complaint. Within 30 days of the receipt of such complaint, the Secretary shall complete such investigation and shall notify in writing the complainant (and any person acting on behalf of the complainant) and the person alleged to have committed such violation of the results of the investigation conducted pursuant to this paragraph. Within ninety days of the receipt of such complaint the Secretary shall, unless the proceeding on the complaint is terminated by the Secretary on the basis of a settlement entered into by the Secretary and the person alleged to have committed such violation, issue an order either providing the relief prescribed by subparagraph (B) or denying the complaint. An order of the Secretary shall be made on the record after notice and opportunity for agency hearing. The Secretary may not enter into a settlement terminating a proceeding on a complaint without the participation and consent of the complainant.
(B) If in response to a complaint filed under paragraph (1) the Secretary determines that a violation of subsection (a) of this section has occurred, the Secretary shall order (i) the person who committed such violation to take affirmative action to abate the violation, (ii) such person to reinstate the complainant to the complainants former position together with the compensation (including back pay), terms, conditions, and privileges of the complainants employment, (iii) compensatory damages, and (iv) where appropriate, exemplary damages. If such an order issued, the Secretary, at the request of the complainant, shall assess against the person against whom the order is issued a sum equal to the aggregate amount of all costs and expenses (including attorneys fees) reasonably incurred, as determined by the Secretary, by the complainant for, or in connection with, the bringing of the complaint upon which the order was issued.
(c) Review
(1) Any employee or employer adversely affected or aggrieved by an order issued under subsection (b) of this section may obtain review of the order in the United States Court of Appeals for the circuit in which the violation, with respect to which the order was issued, allegedly occurred. The petition for review must be filed within sixty days from the issuance of the Secretarys order. Review shall conform to chapter 7 of title 5.
(2) An order of the Secretary, with respect to which review could have been obtained under paragraph (1), shall not be subject to judicial review in any criminal or other civil proceeding.
(d) Enforcement
Whenever a person has failed to comply with an order issued under subsection (b)(2) of this section, the Secretary shall file a civil action in the United States district court for the district in which the violation was found to occur to enforce such order. In actions brought under this subsection, the district courts shall have jurisdiction to grant all appropriate relief, including injunctive relief and compensatory and exemplary damages.
(e) Exclusion
Subsection (a) of this section shall not apply with respect to any employee who, acting without direction from the employees employer (or any agent of the employer), deliberately causes a violation of any requirement of this chapter.
(Pub. L. 94–469, title I, §23, Oct. 11, 1976, 90 Stat. 2044; Pub. L. 98–620, title IV, §402(19), Nov. 8, 1984, 98 Stat. 3358; renumbered title I, Pub. L. 99–519, §3(c)(1), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2989.)
Amendments
1984—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 98–620 struck out provision that civil actions brought under this subsection had to be heard and decided expeditiously.
Effective Date of 1984 Amendment
Amendment by Pub. L. 98–620 not applicable to cases pending on Nov. 8, 1984, see section 403 of Pub. L. 98–620, set out as an Effective Date note under section 1657 of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure.
U.S. Encyclopedia of Law Coverage
Subchapter I – Control of Toxic Substances in the Legal Encyclopedia: Trade Law
In this entry about Subchapter I – Control of Toxic Substances, find legal reference material, bibliographies and premiere content related to trade law in the American Encyclopedia of Law, presenting a comprehensive view of the United States trade law-specific issues, written by authorities in the field.
15-U.S.C.-2607 in the Legal Encyclopedia: Toxic Substances Control
In this entry about 15-U.S.C.-2607, find legal reference material, bibliographies and premiere content related to toxic substances control in the American Encyclopedia of Law, presenting a comprehensive view of the United States toxic substances control-specific issues, written by authorities in the field.
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