18-U.S.C.-178
§178 – Definitions
Pathway
Title 18 > Part I > Chapter 10 > Section 178
Details
- Reference: Section 178
- Legend: §178 – Definitions
- USCode Year: 2013
Provision Content
As used in this chapter—
(1) the term biological agent means any microorganism (including, but not limited to, bacteria, viruses, fungi, rickettsiae or protozoa), or infectious substance, or any naturally occurring, bioengineered or synthesized component of any such microorganism or infectious substance, capable of causing—
(A) death, disease, or other biological malfunction in a human, an animal, a plant, or another living organism;
(B) deterioration of food, water, equipment, supplies, or material of any kind; or
(C) deleterious alteration of the environment;
(2) the term toxin means the toxic material or product of plants, animals, microorganisms (including, but not limited to, bacteria, viruses, fungi, rickettsiae or protozoa), or infectious substances, or a recombinant or synthesized molecule, whatever their origin and method of production, and includes—
(A) any poisonous substance or biological product that may be engineered as a result of biotechnology produced by a living organism; or
(B) any poisonous isomer or biological product, homolog, or derivative of such a substance;
(3) the term delivery system means—
(A) any apparatus, equipment, device, or means of delivery specifically designed to deliver or disseminate a biological agent, toxin, or vector; or
(B) any vector;
(4) the term vector means a living organism, or molecule, including a recombinant or synthesized molecule, capable of carrying a biological agent or toxin to a host; and
(5) the term national of the United States has the meaning prescribed in section 101(a)(22) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(22)).
(Added Pub. L. 101–298, §3(a), May 22, 1990, 104 Stat. 202; amended Pub. L. 104–132, title V, §511(b)(3), title VII, §721(h), Apr. 24, 1996, 110 Stat. 1284, 1299; Pub. L. 107–188, title II, §231(c)(4), June 12, 2002, 116 Stat. 661.)
Amendments
2002—Par. (1). Pub. L. 107–188, §231(c)(4)(A), in introductory provisions substituted means any microorganism (including, but not limited to, bacteria, viruses, fungi, rickettsiae or protozoa), or infectious substance, or any naturally occurring, bioengineered or synthesized component of any such microorganism or infectious substance, capable of for means any micro-organism, virus, infectious substance, or biological product that may be engineered as a result of biotechnology, or any naturally occurring or bioengineered component of any such microorganism, virus, infectious substance, or biological product, capable of.
Par. (2). Pub. L. 107–188, §231(c)(4)(B), in introductory provisions substituted means the toxic material or product of plants, animals, microorganisms (including, but not limited to, bacteria, viruses, fungi, rickettsiae or protozoa), or infectious substances, or a recombinant or synthesized molecule, whatever their origin and method of production, and includes— for means the toxic material of plants, animals, microorganisms, viruses, fungi, or infectious substances, or a recombinant molecule, whatever its origin or method of production, including—.
Par. (4). Pub. L. 107–188, §231(c)(4)(C), substituted recombinant or synthesized molecule, for recombinant molecule, or biological product that may be engineered as a result of biotechnology,.
1996—Par. (1). Pub. L. 104–132, §511(b)(3)(A), substituted infectious substance, or biological product that may be engineered as a result of biotechnology, or any naturally occurring or bioengineered component of any such microorganism, virus, infectious substance, or biological product for or infectious substance in introductory provisions.
Par. (2). Pub. L. 104–132, §511(b)(3)(B)(i), (ii), in introductory provisions, inserted the toxic material of plants, animals, microorganisms, viruses, fungi, or infectious substances, or a recombinant molecule after means and substituted production, including— for production—.
Par. (2)(A). Pub. L. 104–132, §511(b)(3)(B)(iii), inserted or biological product that may be engineered as a result of biotechnology after poisonous substance.
Par. (2)(B). Pub. L. 104–132, §511(b)(3)(B)(iv), inserted or biological product after isomer.
Par. (4). Pub. L. 104–132, §511(b)(3)(C), inserted , or molecule, including a recombinant molecule, or biological product that may be engineered as a result of biotechnology, after organism.
Par. (5). Pub. L. 104–132, §721(h), added par. (5).
U.S. Encyclopedia of Law Coverage
18-U.S.C.-9 in the Legal Encyclopedia: Criminal Law
In this entry about 18-U.S.C.-9, find legal reference material, bibliographies and premiere content related to criminal law in the American Encyclopedia of Law, presenting a comprehensive view of the United States criminal law-specific issues, written by authorities in the field.
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